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Coordinator: João Fernandes da Silva Júnior
O mapeamento de classes e atributos dos solos em escala detalhada ainda é um grande desafio para o manejo sustentável dos solos tropicais. Uma vez, que não existem leis específicas para a conservação e governança no País. Para a conservação e governança dos solos é fundamental o mapeamento detalhado para alcançar os objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável (ODS): 13 Combate as alterações climáticas, 14 Vida na água e 15 Vida terrestre. No entanto, para obter essas informações dos solos de forma rápida, precisa e econômicas como: suscetibilidade magnética (SM), cor e temperatura da superfície terrestre para mapear e estimar de forma indireta as classes taxonômicas e atributos físicos e químicos dos solos. Nesse sentido nós propomos o uso da suscetibilidade magnética, cor do solo e temperatura da superfície terrestre junto com machine learning(ML) para entender melhor os solos para poder planejar o futuro uso do solo. É possível criar um mapa pedológico digital de solos baseados nas em uma área de referência e ML e também é possível usar smartphone, colorímetro e SM para estimar atributos físicos e químicos do solo. Serão selecionadas 21 covariáveis obtidas do modelo digital de elevação do SRTM 30m e dos satélites LANDSAT 5 e PlanetScope. A área de referência (AR) será o município de Tracuateua. Já a área de validação (AV) (verdade do terreno) será o mapa pedológico legado. Depois da escolha entre (KNN, SVM, RF, RNA e outros), será usado esse algoritmo para os municípios vizinhos: Capanema, Primavera e Quatipuru. Com um grid de 250 amostras de solo no Município de Capanema: serão separados em dois conjuntos de dados: calibração 70% das amostras n=175 e validação 30% das amostras n=75. A regressão linear será utilizada para obter as equações de pedotransferência, o coeficiente de determinação (R²), raiz do erro quadrático médio (RMSE) aplicado ao conjunto de dados de validação.
Keywords: Magnetismo do solo, Pedometria, Sensoriamento remoto, Pedotransferência, Inteligência artificial, Pedologia.
Coordinator: João Fernandes da Silva Júnior
The floodplains in the state of Pará, generally, have good productive capacity, mainly for rice cultivation. Proper management of the floodplains depends on conducting research that can ensure the cultivation of these areas in a sustainable manner. However, when considering the experimental plots uniform as to their attributes, even in small areas, one can misinterpret the answers obtained to the existing questions, since the hypothesis of occurrence of spatial dependence is being ignored. Thus, the geostatistical analysis that allows to detect the existence of the variability and spatial distribution of the studied measures constitutes an important tool in the analysis and detailed description of the variability of the chemical properties of the soil. The objective of this work will be to evaluate the spatial variability of chemical properties of the soil in an experimental plot, using geostatistical methods.
Keywords: Geostatistics, Várzea, oryza sativa.
Coordinator: João Fernandes da Silva Júnior
ABSTRACT: Studies on the spatial relationships between plant and soil attributes are indispensable for localized management, on the premises of precision agriculture. These nutrients and physical parameters of the soil vary from one location to another, in macro and microscale. Thus, this influence of the micro variability of the soil cannot be ignored, since small changes in the micro-relief cause significant spatial variability in the attributes of the soil, and consequently in the productivity of the crops. The objectives of the present work are: a) to understand the spatial relationships between the physical and chemical attributes of the soil and microrrelevo, and to evaluate their influences in the production and agronomic variables of cowpea; b) identification of specific management areas, using soil attributes, and their relationship with the micro-relief. The experiment will be installed in Vila Fátima, in Tracuateua - Pará. Samples will be collected in a regular 10-meter mesh, at a depth of 0.00 - 0.20 m, in an area of 1.2 ha, to determine the soil attributes: silt sand and clay content, organic matter content, K, Ca, Mg, H + Al, organic carbon, pH, cation exchange capacity in a dystrophic Red Latosol under cultivation of cowpea with cultivar BRS -Imposing. The attributes of cowpea plants will be analyzed: Number of side branches (NRL), Length of main branch (CRP), number of inflorescences (NI), number of leaves (NF), length of pod (CV), Number of pods per plant (NVP), number of grains per pod (NGV) and finally at the end of the cycle number of grains (NG), productivity kg per hectare (Prod). The data will be analyzed by descriptive statistics, geostatistics, principal component analysis and canonical correlation analysis. In this way, it is hoped that the results will allow us to confirm important questions regarding these methodologies, whether they can be used in the prediction of agronomic plant variables based on soil attributes and the identification of management zones for cowpea.
Keywords: 1. Vigna unguiculata, Precision agriculture, Semivariograma, 2. Precision farming, 3. Semivariograma.
Coordinator: Daniel Pereira Pinheiro
ABSTRACT: Cassava culture in the State of Pará has important social, economic and environmental relevance, as its cultivation is carried out by small and medium farmers in areas ranging from <1.0 to 100 ha. Among the agricultural practices adopted in the cultivation, the use of fire as an area cleaning option and the intensive use of conventional soil tillage has contributed to the decline in soil quality and compromised cassava productivity in the northeast region of Pará. This management has contributed to soil depletion, due to physical, chemical and biological degradation, resulting in a decrease in the carbon stock of the soil, an increase in the emission of CO2 into the atmosphere, a reduction in soil fertility by the loss of nutrients by leaching and volatilization, less soil aggregation, soil compaction, soil losses due to erosion and reduction in soil biological diversity. All these factors acting together, contribute to the reduction of the productive capacity of the soil in providing adequate conditions for the cultivation of cassava, compromising the productivity of the culture and the profitability of the agricultural enterprises. As a result, this research project intends to conduct a field experiment testing soil tillage systems (conventional tillage and reduced tillage) and use of cover crops (millet and pork beans), as an option for sustainable soil management in order to improve the productive capacity of the soil and the effect of these agricultural practices on the growth and production of cassava roots. The modifications caused by soil management on the indicator attributes of the physical quality of the soil will be evaluated, determining the organic carbon of the soil, the density of the soil, the mechanical resistance to penetration, the porous space of the soil and the diversity of the macrofauna as biological indicator. Plants will be evaluated at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270 and 300 DAP (Days after planting), determining plant height, green and dry mass of shoots and roots, and after harvest, root productivity. The expectation is that soil tillage systems and the use of cover crops, such as agricultural practices for sustainable soil management, improve soil quality, contributing positively to the increase in production of cassava roots.
Keywords: Cassava, conventional preparation, reduced preparation, pork beans, millet.
Coordinator: João Fernandes da Silva Júnior
ABSTRACT: Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is widely cultivated throughout the national territory, but it is still a low-tech activity, mainly due to the heterogeneity of the soil system, since there is spatial dependence on the attributes indicating the physical and chemical quality of the soil and these attributes have a localized influence on production. The present study aimed to characterize the spatial variability of the indicator attributes of acidity and mechanical resistance of the soil to penetration, and its effects on the production of cassava root, in order to estimate the chemical and physical changes in the soil at unsampled points. , which may indicate homogeneous zones for management efficiency. The study will be carried out at Fazenda Freitas, located on the Guanabara lane, in the municipality of São Francisco, Northeast Paraense. The cultivation already implanted at a spacing of 1m x 1m, under cultural treatments interspersed in weeding, herbicide application and fertilization. The georeferencing will be carried out to create the sample grid, totaling 71 points of collection of soil and cassava root at depths of 0.0-0.20m and 0.20-0.40m and analysis of soil resistance to penetration (RP) at depths 0.000,10m, 0,100,20m, 0,200,30m and 0,300,40m, and all samples were collected in regular mesh with a spacing of 22m. Soil analyzes will be carried out in the soil laboratory of the Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Capanema-PA campus, to determine pH in water, Al3 + and H + Al. Statistical data were analyzed using Pearson's linear correlation and geostatistics will be analyzed by semivariogram parameters and will be estimated by ordinary kriging. In order to characterize a limiting factor for root production and localized management practices. It will be possible to characterize the spatial variability of the indicator attributes of acidity and mechanical resistance of the soil to penetration in the production of cassava root, providing subsidies to avoid waste and unnecessary costs with the application of fertilizers or correctives in a localized manner, without taking into account only the average values.
Keywords: Manihot esculenta Crantz; Soil attributes; Geostatistics.
Coordinator: João Fernandes da Silva Júnior
ABSTRACT: Over time, the environment has been degraded through human actions, affecting ecological systems and arousing worldwide concern. Daily gases are released into the atmosphere in a natural or anthropic way, the accumulation of these gases generates complex mechanisms of chemical and photochemical reactions, one of the resulting ones being CO2 (carbon dioxide), with the importance of understanding its influence in the process of photosynthesis, as soon as, plants are responsible for emitting carbon compounds into the atmosphere. Being understood through the spectral index (NDVI), in which it estimates the carbon sequestration by vegetation, during the clear phase of photosynthesis, the present study aimed in general to evaluate the seasonal behavior of carbon sequestration and the temperature of the Earth's surface in the Region for the Integration of the Caeté River in the State of Pará, by means of remote sensing, for this purpose the specific objectives that guide the evaluation of the Carbon Sequestration and the temperature of the Earth's surface by means of remote sensing were specified; aiming to understand its spatial variability, in addition to understanding how the seasonality of the Earth's surface temperature interferes in the Forest Carbon Sequestration and the relations with vegetation indexes, using geotechnology tools, with this, it is proposed to obtain the spatial distribution of the and soil cover of the study area, as well as the vegetation behavior correlated with the behavior of the surface temperature as well as the carbon flow, with that it was understood how the anthropic processes under the study area are influencing the carbon flow and the increase in the surface temperature of this region so strategic for the Amazon region.
Keywords: Geotechnologies; FluxCO2; environmental monitoring; land use and occupation.
Coordinator: Thais Gleice Martins Braga
ABSTRACT: The search for the reduction of socioenvironmental problems caused by the accumulation, conditioning, destination and lack of proper treatment of solid waste has caused discussions, mobilizations and an intense search for possibilities that aim at the sustainable balance of the environment. In this sense, this project aims to assist mayors, businessmen and society in general about the importance of solid waste management and management.
Coordinator: Thais Gleice Martins Braga
ABSTRACT: The Amazon is considered to be the largest tropical forest in existence while it has a wide biodiversity. Since then, it has been subjected to great environmental pressures in recent decades, pressures arising from the intensity of deforestation and forest fires within Conservation Units (UCs), putting their integrity and objects at risk. Regarding deforestation, the traditional model of occupation of the Amazon has become increasingly high due to the increase in economic and subsistence needs. For Martins et al. (2016), it is necessary to identify the circulation of forest fires and strengthen strategies to minimize this occurrence and its spread on natural resources. In view of the growing pressure that society has been causing in communities and forest areas in general, rapid and rigid measures will have to be taken to contain the progress of deforestation and forest fires by the government (ALVARENGA NETO, 2009). However, despite all institutional support, the creation of protected areas still faces great challenges and obstacles for managers, whether due to the extension of the territory or the lack of trained people (VEN, 2017). Protected areas have an important refuge for biomes and fauna in the region, including being priority areas for the conservation of Brazilian Amazonian biodiversity (MARTINS et al. 2016). Therefore, it is extremely important to conserve terrestrial and aquatic vegetation as a basic strategy for sending local biodiversity. In this light, it is important to describe, according to Ferreira & Pasa, (2015) the role of remote sensing (SR) and geographic information systems (GIS), since it employs obtaining data at a distance from precise monitoring, enabling the accurate visualization region. In this way, monitoring through land use mapping is essential to contribute to other planning and balance of conservation units (UCs), and to support strategies for proper management and management in order to ensure effective and quality conservation. With the advancement of technological tools such as the case of geotechnologies, which is computer-aided cartography, the results become more reliable and faster over the range of processes in the terrestrial sphere (FERREIRA & PASA 2015). In this sense, satellite images have been increasingly used in the processes of classification and environmental analysis on the use and coverage of soil and its assistance in the process of accurate information.
Coordinator: Rose Luiza Moraes Tavares
ABSTRACT: Humic substances (SH) participate in important reactions that occur in the soil, influencing fertility by releasing nutrients. Assessing the potential of humic substances-based fertilizers is an important tool to elucidate the real benefits for both the soil and the plant. In this sense, this project aims to assess the balance of nutrients in the soil with the application of humic substance-based fertilizers. For this, a leaching experiment in a greenhouse will be set up on the premises of the University of Rio Verde-GO, using two organic fertilizers with humic substances: one with a greater amount of humic acid and the other with fulvic acid. They will be evaluated at different application rates and in different soil fertility situations: with / without NPK fertilization or with / without soil correction. With this, it is expected that the research results will answer numerous scientific questions about the potential of humic substances to fertilize the soil, as well as meet the needs of the agricultural input market regarding the technical feasibility of using humic substance-based fertilizers.
Coordinator: Rose Luiza Moraes Tavares
ABSTRACT: the adoption of the no-till system (SPD) revolutionized Brazilian agriculture and helped the country to reach competitive levels in the production of soy in the world. However, most areas of the Cerrado did not meet the basic prerequisites for installing and maintaining the SPD, causing the system to stagnate in productivity. Based on this, the objective of this project is to evaluate the physical, chemical and biological quality of the soil in areas under SPD and crop-livestock integration (ILP) established in different years:, three and ten years under SPD and four and eight years under ILP involving the cultivation of soy in the first harvest (summer) and corn in monoculture (SPD) or consortium with grass (ILP) in the second harvest period (safrinha). Physical, chemical and biological soil attributes will be evaluated.
Coordinator: Rose Luiza Moraes Tavares
ABSTRACT: Soil compaction significantly reduces soil porosity, affecting root development. This effect can be minimized by the presence of organic matter in the soil. Thus, plant residues that are on the surface of the soil tend to dissipate part of the energy produced by the impact of the wheels of the machines or paws of animals that pass over the soil. Based on this, two experiments will be installed involving clayey and sandy soil with different levels of density and amounts of straw. The investigation of critical compaction moisture will also be studied.
Coordinator: Rose Luiza Moraes Tavares
ABSTRACT: In order to meet all prerequisites of the no-tillage system - SPD, management techniques have been adopted, such as the cultivation of cover crops in the off-season in intercropping with corn or in single planting, whose practice promotes soil cover and greater accumulation of straw contributing to soil preservation and SPD stability. Thus, a spatial variability study of soil physical attributes will be carried out in an area with cover crop cultivation in the off-season, in addition to evaluations of the amount of phytomass and soil organic matter content. The hypothesis is that the use of corn intercropped with cover crops, compared to single cultivation, tends to improve the physical quality of the soil due to the greater diversity of roots and soil exploration in Cerrado conditions. In addition, the diversity of cover crops can promote different patterns of spatial variability of physical attributes of the soil.
Coordinator: Fábio Júnior de Oliveira
Abstract: Citrus leprosis is caused by the Citrus leprosis virus (CiLV) in which it is transmitted to plants by means of the mite Brevipalpus phoenicis. The mite feeds on a wide range of plant species, which is not restricted only to citrus crops. Among the phytosanity problems in Brazilian citrus, leprosis is one of the main diseases that cause economic damage in such a way as to make the production and life of plants unfeasible. The use of techniques to control the disease and the mite population in orchards has led to high costs. Bearing in mind that the cost of control can reach 50% of production. In this context, for management measures to be adopted, it is essential to have a deeper knowledge about the disease, the behavior of the vector mite population in time and space, in addition to methods of sampling the vector population and estimates of damage caused. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the space-time distribution of CiLV and the population of the vector Brevipalpus spp. through geostatistics and relate its progression to climatic factors in an orange grove in the municipality of Capitão Poço.
Coordinator: Fábio Júnior de Oliveira
ABSTRACT: The forest inventory is characterized by obtaining information about the quality and quantity of resources belonging to forests in order to establish the best management so it is essential that forest inventories seek the lowest possible cost reduction, in this sense the techniques of remote sensing and geoprocessing are extremely important to systematize and correlate information in order to integrate and monitor areas of interest. The objective of this work is to evaluate the individual and collective variables of a teak stand (Tectona grandis L.f.), by combining and comparing remote sensing techniques plus forest inventory methods. The study area is located in the municipality of Capitão Poço -PA. The fixed area sampling method will be considered, with circular sampling units of 500 m² in area. For the allocation of plots, a regular square grid will be allocated on the map. of the area to determine the location of the plots, the following variables will be evaluated: Diameter at Chest Height, Total Height and Bole Volume by means of cubing, using Smalian method. To collect the coordinates of 50 trees in each sample unit that will be later evaluated, a GNSS (Global Navigation System Sattelite) RTK (Real Time Kinematic) device will be used. After the georeferencing of the plants, they will be identified in the images and within each plot their crowns will be digitized in the QGIS 2 software. 18.1. After digitization, the canopy area of each plant in all plots will still be calculated in the QGIS software. After this procedure, DAP and heights of other trees will be estimated. For the purpose of comparison and to evaluate the best way to acquire images to estimate dendometric variables, images obtained from satellite images, Google Earth and DRONE will be used. It is expected with the present work that the results of the forest inventory using the techniques of remote sensing are accurate and advantageous, when compared to the results obtained through the traditional forest inventory.
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